COPD surveillance--United States, 1999-2011

Abstract

This report updates surveillance results for COPD in the United States. For 1999 to 2011, data from national data systems for adults aged≥25 years were analyzed. In 2011, 6.5% of adults (approximately 13.7 million) reported having been diagnosed with COPD. From 1999 to 2011, the overall age-adjusted prevalence of having been diagnosed with COPD declined (P=.019). In 2010, there were 10.3 million (494.8 per 10,000) physician office visits, 1.5 million (72.0 per 10,000) ED visits, and 699,000 (32.2 per 10,000) hospital discharges for COPD. From 1999 to 2010, no significant overall trends were noted for physician office visits and ED visits; however, the age-adjusted hospital discharge rate for COPD declined significantly (P=.001). In 2010 there were 312,654 (11.2 per 1,000) Medicare hospital discharge claims submitted for COPD. Medicare claims (1999-2010) declined overall (P=.045), among men (P=.022) and among enrollees aged 65 to 74 years (P=.033). There were 133,575 deaths (63.1 per 100,000) from COPD in 2010. The overall age-adjusted death rate for COPD did not change during 1999 to 2010 (P=.163). Death rates (1999-2010) increased among adults aged 45 to 54 years (P<.001) and among American Indian/Alaska Natives (P=.008) but declined among those aged 55 to 64 years (P=.002) and 65 to 74 years (P<.001), Hispanics (P=.038), Asian/Pacific Islanders (P<.001), and men (P=.001). Geographic clustering of prevalence, Medicare hospitalizations, and deaths were observed. Declines in the age-adjusted prevalence, death rate in men, and hospitalizations for COPD since 1999 suggest progress in the prevention of COPD in the United States.

Figure 1.

Age-adjusted prevalence (%) of self-reported physician-diagnosed COPD among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by state—United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011.

Figure 2.

Age-adjusted prevalence (%) of self-reported physician-diagnosed COPD among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by sex and year—United States, National Health Interview Survey, 1999-2011.

Figure 3.

Sex-specific age-adjusted rates (per 10,000 US civilian population) of physician office visits, ED visits, and hospital visits for COPD as the first-listed diagnosis among adults aged ≥ 25 years—United States, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2010.

Figure 4.

Race-specific age-adjusted rates (per 10,000 US civilian population) of physician office visits, ED visits, and hospital visits for COPD as the first-listed diagnosis among adults aged ≥ 25 years—United States, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 2009-2010.

Figure 5.

Age-specific rates (per 10,000 US civilian population) of hospitalizations for COPD as the first-listed discharge diagnosis among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by year—United States, National Hospital Discharge Survey, 1999-2010.

Figure 6.

Race-specific age-adjusted rates (per 1,000 Medicare enrollees) of Medicare hospitalizations for COPD as the first-listed discharge diagnosis among Medicare enrollees aged ≥ 65 years, by year—United States, Medicare Part A hospital claims, 1999-2010.

Figure 7.

Age-adjusted rates (per 1,000 Medicare enrollees) of Medicare hospitalizations for COPD as the first-listed discharge diagnosis among Medicare enrollees aged ≥ 65 years—United States, Medicare Part A hospital claims, 1999-2000 and 2009-2010.

Figure 8.

Significant linear change (P < .05) in state-specific age-adjusted rates (per 1,000 Medicare enrollees) of Medicare hospitalizations for COPD as the first-listed discharge diagnosis among Medicare enrollees aged ≥ 65 years—United States, Medicare Part A hospital claims, 1999-2010.

Figure 9.

Age-specific death rates (per 100,000) for COPD as the underlying cause of death among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by year—United States, Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System, 1999-2010.

Figure 10.

Race-specific age-adjusted death rates (per 100,000) for COPD as the underlying cause of death among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by year—United States, Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System, 1999-2010.

Figure 11.

Age-adjusted state-specific death rates (per 100,000) for COPD as the underlying cause of death among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by state—United States, Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System, 1999-2000 and 2009-2010.

Figure 12.

Significant linear change (P < .05) in state-specific age-adjusted death rates for COPD as the underlying cause of death among adults aged ≥ 25 years, by state—United States, Mortality Component of the National Vital Statistics System, 1999-2010.