Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in Switzerland. Its prevalence is between 7% and 10% in Western countries and almost half of all asthma patients are sensitized to one or more allergens. It is important to identify this particular group of allergic patients in order to be able to propose a targeted treatment. Due to recent scientific advances, allergologists have gained novel tests to precisely diagnose sensitizations to allergens as well as new treatment options beside allergen avoidance, bronchodilators, topical steroids and desensitization. Here, we summarize the current diagnostic and treatment guidelines for the general practitioner.