Purpose: Many 3-dimensional (3-D) finite element analysis (FEA) models based on the virtual simulation have been constructed to explore the stress distribution during distraction osteogenesis (DO). The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of the biomechanical feature of mandible during DO procedure.
Materials and methods: Using CT image data of a goat mandible that already has been elongated for 10 mm, an anatomical 3D model was reconstructed. This model was imported into MSC.Patran for monitoring mechanical parameters, including Von-Mises stress, max-principal stress, and mix-principal stress, on the distraction area and the mandibular condyle.
Results: The computed result showed special stress distribution on 9 slopes of the condyle and 3 cross-sections of the distraction area. From 0.8 MP to 17.2 MP, a dramatic increase in Von-Mises stress was discovered on the right side of the condyle compared with the left side. From 22.6 MP to 0.9 MP on the distraction area, Von-Mises stress decreased from the central zone to the peripheral zone gradually.
Conclusions: During the process of mandibular DO, the special stress distribution may be an important factor on the physiopathological change of the mandibular condyle and the generation of new bone in the distraction area. The correlations between the value of the stress and physiopathological changes during DO process should be clarified in future research.