Objective: Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is one of the most important cytokines which seems to have an important role in the inflammatory process in gingival and peri-implant tissues. The aim of this split-mouth study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) and clinical parameters such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD) and bone loss (BL).
Materials and methods: In 32 patients, PICF and GCF samples of 41 implants and 41 contralateral teeth were collected and IL-1β was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PI,GI,PD and BL were recorded for each of the samples.
Result: The positive correlation between the level of IL-1β and PI, GI, PD and BL in both groups was observed (P<0.0001). In similar conditions, the level of IL-1β was greatly higher in PICF than GCF (75.26 pg/μl and 45.71 pg/μl, respectively) (P=0.001).
Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the level of IL-1β may be an important supplement to clinical findings in measuring the health status of gingival or peri-implant tissues.
Keywords: Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Interleukin-1beta; Peri-Implantitis.