The distribution of triterpene glycoside cucumarioside A₂-2, the main compound of medical lead Cumaside in immunodeficiency diseases, in mouse spleen was determined. For this purpose the stability and dynamics of glycoside content changes over time in Balb/c mouse spleen tissue homogenate as well as the study of the cucumarioside A2-2 spatial distribution in tissue sections were investigated using radiospectroscopy, MALDI-MS and MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry (IMS), correspondingly. Cucumarioside A₂-2 is reliably detected by MALDI-MS in the mouse spleen tissue after single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection at a dosage of 5 mg/kg. The glycoside is stable in the spleen and does not undergo metabolic transformation in either tissue homogenates or in the intact organ within 24 h after i.p. injection. The cucumarioside A₂-2 was absorbed fairly rapidly: the glycoside maximum concentration (Cmax) in tissue homogenate was observed in the first 30 min after injection; the minimum values were registered in 3 h. These results are in agreement with those obtained in the pharmacokinetic study of (3)H-cucumarioside A₂-2. It was established by MALDI-IMS that glycoside was mainly located in the tunica serosa part of the spleen and only a small amount was detected within the red and white pulp of the organ. MALDI MS images obtained 15-30 min post dosage clearly reflect high drug concentrations in the regions surrounding the organ followed by its decline in the surface part and a very slight redistribution to the internal part of the spleen.
Keywords: Holothurians; Immunomodulatory activity; MALDI-MS and MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry; Pharmacokinetic; Triterpene glycosides.
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