Introduction: In the light of post-marketing reports of persistent sexual dysfunction with the use of finasteride, analysis of the extent of risk associated with 5α-reductase inhibitor treatment for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is warranted. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of 5α-reductase inhibitors using the outcomes hair count, global photographic assessment and patient self-assessment and evaluate the benefits of treatment versus the risk of global sexual dysfunction.
Methods: A systematic review identified all relevant randomized controlled trials of finasteride 1 mg, 5 mg and dutasteride 0.5 mg. The efficacy outcome hair count was analyzed using pair-wise meta-analysis, while the efficacy outcomes global photographic assessment and patient self-assessment as well as the safety outcome global sexual dysfunction were analyzed through network meta-analyses. A benefit-risk assessment was also performed.
Results: The active interventions were not significantly different than each other in efficacy and were not significantly different from placebo in eliciting sexual dysfunction. Benefit-risk analysis resulted in an arbitrary ranking due to the lack of statistically significant difference between active treatments.
Discussion: Analysis results reiterate the efficacy and safety of 5α-reductase inhibitors for the treatment of AGA and may support the approval of dutasteride 0.5 mg as an additional treatment option, following further study.