Aim: To comparatively study the clinical manifestations, sexual and HLA-B51 associations in patients with Behçet's disease (BD) in two ethnic groups.
Subjects and methods: The authors examined 143 patients with the valid diagnosis of BED who were divided into 2 groups: 1) 85 patients, the dwellers of Dagestan (a multiethnic cohort), 63 men and 22 women (mean age 29 +/- 7.4 years); 2) 58 Russian men and women (mean age 33 +/- 11.7 years).
Results: Two major criteria for BD, such as aphthous stomatitis and external genital ulcers, were found with the same frequency. Panuveitis and angiitis of the retina were diagnosed more frequently in the Dagestani population with BD than in the Russians. Out of the minor criteria for BD, the incidence of lower limb deep venous thrombosis was 23% for the Dagestanis versus 3% for the Russians. Arterial thromboses and pulmonary artery aneurysms became causes of death in 4 in 5 men aged 19-23 years from their Dagestani ancestry. HLA B51 (B marker) was found in the dwellers of Dagestan: in 70% of the men and 40% of the women who had BD.
Conclusion: BD runs a more severe course in male patients and is characterized by severe eye diseases and the systematic pattern of the process at young age. Gender-specific and genetic aspects call for further comparative investigations on large ethnic patient cohorts of other ancestries.