Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in women in the United States, and hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality. The incidence of hypertension in women is steadily increasing, paralleling the epidemics of obesity and diabetes. Blood pressure control rates among women are suboptimal, even when secondary causes are identified and treated. There are few high-quality data describing specific hypertension-related outcomes in women. Some data comparing hypertensive women to age-matched men suggest advantages to sex-specific strategies, but further study is needed to determine optimal regimens for women throughout their lives. Pregnancy and menopause present unique, complex challenges in hypertension management.