The effect of air pollutants on the microecology of the respiratory tract of rats

Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2013 Sep;36(2):588-594. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.04.012. Epub 2013 May 2.

Abstract

To study the effect of air pollution on the microecology of the respiratory tracts and the relationship of the biotopes with respiratory diseases, Wistar rats exposed to mixed air pollutants were used as poisoning models. The bacterial floras of respiratory tract were analyzed as well as expression of pro-inflammatory mediators of the respiratory epithelium. The mRNA and protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory factor and cytokines measured showed that there were significant changes in the microbiocenosis of the respiratory tract. The microorganisms underwent quantitative and qualitative changes following exposure to mixed air pollutants including a decline of indigenous microflora and increase of the content of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. These changes depended on the degree of air pollution severity. Measurement of pro-inflammatory factors CC16, TNF-α and IL-6 revealed a similar time-dependent relationship between the content of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and the interference of CC16 secretion, as well as up-expression of TNF-α and IL-6.

Keywords: BALF; Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; CC16; Clara cell secretory protein; EMB; Eosin methylene blue; IL-6; Interleukin-6; Microecology; Mixed air pollutants; PM; Particulate matter; Proinflammatory cytokines; Respiratory tract; TNF-α; Tumor necrosis factor-α.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Air Pollutants / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
  • Inhalation Exposure
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Male
  • Pharynx / drug effects*
  • Pharynx / immunology
  • Pharynx / microbiology*
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Time Factors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Uteroglobin / genetics
  • Uteroglobin / metabolism

Substances

  • Air Pollutants
  • Inflammation Mediators
  • Interleukin-6
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Scgb1a1 protein, rat
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Uteroglobin