A new ditopic ratiometric receptor for detecting zinc and fluoride ions in living cells

Analyst. 2013 Sep 21;138(18):5486-94. doi: 10.1039/c3an00351e. Epub 2013 Jul 29.

Abstract

The synthesis, characterization and ion binding properties of a new ditopic ratiometric receptor (1), based on 2-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol and crown ether moieties, have been described. The ditopic ratiometric receptor has been studied in sensing both F(-) and Zn(2+) ions, exhibiting different fluorescent colour changes from cyan green to blue/black observable by the naked eye under UV-light. The addition of Zn(2+) to the solution of 1 induced the formation of a 2 : 2 ligand-metal complex 1-Zn(2+), which displays a remarkable blue shift of the emission maxima of 1 from 455 nm to 400 nm due to the inhibition of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanism. The sensing processes were monitored by fluorescence/absorption titrations, and further confirmed by Job's plot and (1)H NMR titrations. The crystal structure of 1-Zn(2+) reveals that 1 binds Zn(2+) in four-coordinated modes. Furthermore, 1 is cell permeable and may be applied to detect trace Zn(2+) and F(-) during the development of a living organism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Survival
  • Crown Ethers / chemistry
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Fluorides / analysis*
  • Fluorides / chemistry*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Bonding
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Imidazoles / chemical synthesis
  • Imidazoles / chemistry*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / methods*
  • Zinc / analysis*
  • Zinc / chemistry*

Substances

  • Crown Ethers
  • Imidazoles
  • Zinc
  • Fluorides