Management of primary cutaneous and metastatic melanoma

Abstract

Objectives: To review the diagnosis, staging, and treatments (both standard and novel) for advanced melanoma and discuss the nursing role in the care of patients with melanoma.

Data sources: Published research and education articles, on-line journals, recent texts, and references from pertinent articles.

Conclusion: Most melanomas are diagnosed at early localized stages when surgery alone can be curative. For patients diagnosed with metastatic disease, treatment options have been limited and generally considered ineffective. Recent developments in tumor genetics and a greater understanding of the role of the immune system in cancer have translated to better treatments.

Implications for nursing practice: Nurses play a key role in ensuring that patients with melanoma understand their diagnosis, treatment recommendations (including supportive care, palliative chemotherapy, immunotherapies), and participation in clinical trials.

Keywords: AJCC; clinical staging; melanoma; metastatic; pathologic staging; treatment.