The authors present instructions for providing antiretroviral therapy in the Czech health care system, based partly on recommendations from abroad and partly on their own experiences of caring for HIV /AIDS patients. The structure and content are similar to those in the 2010 edition, with new study outcomes and modern trends in treatment strategy being taken into consideration. The guidelines are based on systematic patient assessment and aimed at making an accurate diagnosis and formulating recommendations according to individual criteria. The document provides specific instructions for decisions on initiating antiretroviral therapy, selection of individual drugs, monitoring of treatment effect and adverse reactions, and reaction to potential therapy failure. Special attention is paid to administration of antiretroviral drugs to pregnant women and patients with comorbidities, especially tuberculosis, hepatitis or renal insufficiency. The new version includes procedures for postexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection. The guidelines are supplemented by a table summary of antiretroviral drugs. The presented document is to be used in negotiations between the association,state authorities and health care payers.