Our previous study showed that the male predominance of silent brain infarction (SBI) was largely because of higher prevalence of alcohol habit and smoking in men than in women. In the present study, we further conducted an analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging findings to examine whether early menopause contributes to SBI in community-dwelling subjects. Women were queried as to the age and cause of menopause, the total number of children, and the age at giving birth to her last child. Among 306 female subjects aged 60 years or older, univariate analysis showed that early menopause (total or natural) was significantly associated with SBI but age at natural menopause, number of children, and age at the last parity were not. In the total of 715 subjects (283 men and 432 women with a mean age of 67.2 years), the forward stepwise method of logistic analysis revealed that natural early menopause (odds ratio [OR] 4.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-17.11), in addition to age, hypertension, alcohol intake, and smoking, was a significant factor concerning SBI. Also in the subgroup of female subjects aged 60 years or older, natural early menopause was a significant factor concerning SBI (OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.05-18.08) adjusted for covariates. Although the prevalence of natural early menopause was low (3.3% of 306 female subjects), natural menopause before the age of 40 years may be a risk for SBI or small-vessel disease of the brain.
Keywords: Silent stroke; magnetic resonance imaging; menopause; parity; small-vessel disease.
Copyright © 2014 National Stroke Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.