Radical cystectomy in the elderly: national trends and disparities in perioperative outcomes and quality of care

Abstract

Introduction: To examine national trends of radical cystectomy (RC) for urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder in octogenarian patients and to assess the rates of adverse outcomes.

Materials and methods: Within the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), we focused on RCs performed between 1998 and 2007. Age was stratified as <80 versus ≥80 years. Propensity-based matched analyses were used to account for treatment selection biases. Generalized linear regression analyses were fitted to predict adverse perioperative events according to age.

Results: Of 12,274 RC patients, 1,605 were ≥80 years (13.1%). The RC rates in octogenarians increased significantly from 9.9% in 1998 to 13.7% in 2007. Most elderly patients were treated at low-/intermediate-volume hospitals (81.7%) and nonacademic centers (60.6%). After propensity score matching, the inpatient mortality rate was higher in octogenarians (4.6 vs. 2.6%, p < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, octogenarians were at increased risk of blood transfusions (OR: 1.30) and postoperative complications (OR: 1.22).

Conclusions: Most octogenarians undergoing RC are treated at low-/intermediate-volume hospitals and at nonacademic centers. The inpatient hospital mortality is about twice as high in these patients, and adverse perioperative outcomes are more frequent. Such patients may benefit from RC at high-volume and/or academic centers to maximally reduce adverse perioperative outcomes.