Carotid ultrasound examination as an aging and disability marker

Abstract

Aim: To explore the usefulness of carotid ultrasound examination as a marker of aging and predictor of disability among older people.

Methods: Carotid ultrasound, measuring carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and recording the presence of plaques, was carried out in 152 adults aged 29-59 years (47 women) and in 107 older adults aged 61-88 years (86 women). In all, clinical routine laboratory parameters and lymphocyte telomere length as T/S ratio were measured. Among older adults, 12-min walk, timed up and go, hand grip and quadriceps strength were determined.

Results: CIMT was significantly higher among older people and T/S ratio was significantly higher in young women. Carotid plaques were found in one adult and 17 older people. A multiple regression analysis accepted age, systolic blood pressure and T/S ratios as independent predictors of CIMT (R(2) = 0.51). Among older people, a logistic regression accepted age and the presence of carotid plaques as significant predictors of a 12-min walk speed below 1 m/s.

Conclusions: An abnormal 12-min walk as an indicator of functional decline among older people is associated with the presence of carotid artery plaques. CIMT is independently associated with age.

Keywords: aging; carotid intima media thickness; functional decline.