Steady-state pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropenem in morbidly obese patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit

J Clin Pharmacol. 2014 Mar;54(3):324-30. doi: 10.1002/jcph.196. Epub 2013 Oct 19.

Abstract

The study objective was to evaluate meropenem pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in morbid obesity. Nine patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit with a body mass index ≥40 kg/m(2) received meropenem 500 mg or 1 g q6h, infused over 0.5 hours. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated, and Monte Carlo simulations were performed for 5 dosing regimens (500 mg q8h, 1 g q8h, 2 g q8h, 500 mg q6h, 1 g q6h) infused over 0.5 and 3 hours. Probability of target attainment (PTA) was calculated using fT > MIC of 40% and 54%. Total body weight and body mass index were 152.3 ± 31.0 kg and 54.7 ± 8.6 kg/m(2) , respectively. Volume of distribution of the central compartment was 13.3 ± 6.7 L, volume of distribution at steady-state was 37.4 ± 14.7 L, and systemic clearance was 10.2 ± 5.0 L/h. At an MIC of 2 µg/mL, PTA was ≥90% for 4/5 and 2/5 regimens infused over 0.5 hours and for 5/5 and 4/5 regimens infused over 3 hours at 40% and 54% fT > MIC, respectively. Standard doses achieve adequate exposures for susceptible bacteria at a pharmacodynamic target of 40% fT > MIC. Higher doses or prolonged infusion regimens are needed at the higher pharmacodynamic target.

Keywords: meropenem; obesity; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / blood
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Male
  • Meropenem
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Obesity, Morbid / drug therapy
  • Obesity, Morbid / metabolism*
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / drug effects
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / growth & development
  • Thienamycins / administration & dosage
  • Thienamycins / blood
  • Thienamycins / pharmacokinetics*
  • Thienamycins / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Thienamycins
  • Meropenem