Androgenetic alopecia (male pattern hair loss) in the United States: what treatments should primary care providers recommend?

Abstract

Purpose: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or male pattern hair loss, affects up to 96% of Caucasian men. Characterized by gradual thinning and eventual loss of hair along frontotemporal, parietal, and vertex areas of the scalp, AGA is associated with low self-esteem, depression, and dissatisfaction with body appearance.

Data sources: In this systematic review of the literature, six primary research studies conducted in the United States are evaluated for their clinical application to primary care provider practice.

Conclusions: Topical minoxidil 2%-5% 1 mL twice daily or finasteride 1 mg daily are recommended as first line treatments, followed by the use of Food and Drug Administration-cleared HairMax LaserComb® in patients who do not respond to first line modalities.

Implications for practice: Further research in novel and established treatments is recommended, along with an evidence-based clinical practice guideline for practitioners in the United States.

Keywords: 5a-reductase inhibitor; Male; adults; dermatology; evidence-based practice; primary care; treatment.