Ventilator management in the cardiac intensive care unit

Abstract

Patients admitted to the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit (CICU) are of increasing complexity and often require ventilatory support. A deep understanding of respiratory physiology and the interactions between the cardiovascular and respiratory systems is essential. Ventilatory support should be tailored to the specific patient condition, ensuring effective minute ventilation, reducing work of breathing and minimizing adverse hemodynamic effects. The weaning process can stress the cardiovascular system and cardiac failure is a common cause of failure to wean. Identification of patients likely to fail and prompt pre-emptive intervention is crucial for successful weaning and avoiding complications related to prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Keywords: Cardiac dysfunction; Cardiac intensive care unit (CICU); Cardiopulmonary interactions; Gas exchange; Mechanical ventilation; Noninvasive ventilation; PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure); Weaning.