Management of agitation in individuals with autism spectrum disorders in the emergency department

Abstract

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presenting with acute agitation in emergency departments (ED) during a crisis situation present both diagnostic and treatment challenges for ED personnel, families, caregivers, and patients seeking treatment. This article describes the challenges that individuals with ASD face when receiving treatment in crisis and emergency settings. Additionally, this article provides information for emergency physicians, ED personnel, and crisis response teams on a systematic, minimally restrictive approach when assessing and providing treatment to patients with ASD presenting with acute agitation in ED settings.

Keywords: Acute agitation; Autism spectrum disorders; Crisis management; Emergency department; Emergency evaluation and treatment; Least-restrictive treatment model; Restraint.