Inflation and measurement of endotracheal (ET) tube cuff pressure is often not seen as a critical aspect of care in surgical patients. The morbidity associated by an overinflated cuff has been regularly highlighted in literature, for example mucosal ulceration (Combes et al 2001) and vocal cord paralysis (Holley & Gildea 1971). This article will outline techniques for the methods of inflation based on the latest scientific evidence. The author will seek to examine if intra-operative cuff assessment and monitoring should become routine for the anaesthetic practitioner and if current practice for inflating cuffs creates pressures outside the safe range.