Acquired haemophilia A in a patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection receiving treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribarivin: role of rituximab

Farm Hosp. 2013 Nov-Dec;37(6):494-8. doi: 10.7399/FH.2013.37.6.686.

Abstract

Background: Acquired haemophilia is an uncommon condition caused by the development of clotting factor inhibitors. To eliminate them, immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs is required.

Methods: We describe a case of rituximab use in acquired haemophilia refractory to conventional therapy in a 63 year old male patient with chronic hepatitis C virus infection who was receiving treatment with pegylated-interferon-a-2a plus ribavirin.

Results: After 21 weeks of antiviral therapy, the patient was admitted to hospital with a large haematoma in the abdominal muscles. Factor VIII level was zero and inhibitor titer was 345 Bethesda units. Oral immunosuppressive therapy with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide was administered for 1 month, with limited improvement. Therefore, cyclophosphamide was replaced by a four once-weekly dose of intravenous rituximab. Two months later, factor VIII level was normal and inhibitor titer was undetectable.

Conclusion: Rituximab may be useful for the treatment of acquired haemophilia resistant to standard therapy.

Antecedentes: la hemofilia adquirida es un trastorno infrecuente causado por el desarrollo de inhibidores del factor de coagulación. Para eliminarlos, se requiere tratamiento con corticoides y fármacos citotóxicos. Métodos: describimos el caso del uso de rituximab en hemofilia adquirida refractaria al tratamiento convencional en un hombre de 63 años con infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis C y que estaba recibiendo tratamiento con interferón pegilado a-2a y ribarivina. Resultados: tras 21 semanas de tratamiento antivírico, el paciente fue ingresado en el hospital por un gran hematoma en la musculatura abdominal. La concentración de factor VIII era nula y el título de inhibidor fue de 345 unidades Bethesda. Se administró tratamiento inmunosupresor oral con metilprednisolona y ciclofosfamida durante 1 mes, con escasa mejoría. Así pues, se sustituyó la ciclofosfamida por una dosis semanal de rituximab intravenoso. Dos meses después, la concentración de factor VIII se normalizó y el título de inhibidor era indetectable. Conclusión: Rituximab puede ser útil en el tratamiento de la hemofilia adquirida resistente al tratamiento estándar.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / therapeutic use*
  • Antiviral Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cyclophosphamide / adverse effects
  • Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use
  • Factor VIII / analysis
  • Hematoma / chemically induced
  • Hemophilia A / complications*
  • Hemophilia A / drug therapy*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / complications*
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Interferon-alpha / adverse effects*
  • Interferon-alpha / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Prednisolone / adverse effects
  • Prednisolone / therapeutic use
  • Ribavirin / adverse effects*
  • Ribavirin / therapeutic use
  • Rituximab

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Interferon-alpha
  • Polyethylene Glycols
  • Ribavirin
  • Rituximab
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Factor VIII
  • Prednisolone