Toxicologic acid-base disorders

Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014 Feb;32(1):149-65. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2013.09.011.

Abstract

Acid-base disorders may complicate the presentation of patients with poisoning. This article summarizes an approach to acid-base disorders from a toxicologic perspective. It aims to assist the reader in identifying underlying acid-base processes, generating a differential diagnosis for each, and approaching that differential diagnosis in a systematic fashion. Understanding these processes will help to guide management and interventional strategies.

Keywords: Acid-base; Acidemia; Alkalemia; Anion gap; Delta gap; Osmol gap; Toxicity.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acid-Base Imbalance / blood
  • Acid-Base Imbalance / diagnosis*
  • Blood Gas Analysis / methods
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Poisoning / blood
  • Poisoning / diagnosis*