Background: Myocardial reperfusion is the « corner stone » in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention has proved its superiority upon intravenous thrombolysis. aim: To evaluate in hospital mortality of acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty and to determine its predictive factors.
Methods: We performed a retrospective study including 250 patients admitted to Mongi Slim university Hospital at la Marsa between January the 1st, 2006 and June the 30th, 2011. All these patients had an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention within 24 hours after symptom onset.
Results: In our study, males were predominant with a sex-ratio of 4.55. Our patients were aged 59.8± 11.19 years old. Diabetes mellitus was present in 42% of our population. In 60.4% of the cases, myocardial infarction was located in the anterior wall. Cardiogenic shock was present in 13.6% of patients. The culprit coronary artery was the left anterior descending artery in 57.6% of the cases. The coronary flow in the culprit artery was TIMI 0 in 64% of the patients and TIMI 1 in 13.2% of the patients. Angiographic success (TIMI 3 flow and residual stenosis <20%) was achieved in 84% of cases. Our in-hospital mortality rate (cardiogenic shock excluded) was 6.9%. Predictive factors of in-hospital mortality were: female gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, renal failure, multi-vessel lesion,TIMI flow before percutaneous coronary intervention, proximal left anterior descending artery lesion, initial cardiogenic shock and acute stent thrombosis.
Conclusion: In our local context, primary percutaneous coronary intervention is an efficient and safe treatment of myocardial infarction with persistent ST-segment elevation.