Simeprevir (Sovriad(TM)) is a new direct-acting antiviral drug and a second-generation small-molecule NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor developed by Janssen and Medivir for the oral treatment of adults with genotype 1 and/or genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (chronic hepatitis C). Simeprevir antiviral activity is achieved by its non-covalent binding to HCV protease, with a fast association and slow dissociation rate. The capsule formulation is approved in Japan and Canada for use in combination with pegylated interferon (peginterferon) and ribavirin for genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C, and has been filed for approval in the US in this indication. In addition, the capsule formulation has been filed for approval in the EU for use in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for genotype 1 and 4 chronic hepatitis C. Phase III trials of the capsule formulation of simeprevir are underway in several other regions, including China. In the pivotal phase III trials, simeprevir was administered once daily for 12 weeks in combination with peginterferon and ribavirin for 24 or 48 weeks. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of simeprevir leading to this first approval for chronic hepatitis C.