A carboxy methyl tamarind polysaccharide matrix for adhesion and growth of osteoclast-precursor cells

Abstract

Remodeling of bone by tissue engineering is a realistic option for treating several bone-related pathophysiological ailments such as osteoporosis, bone tumor, bone cancer or abnormal bone development. But, these possibilities are hindered due to lack of proper natural and biodegradable surface on which bone precursor cells can adhere efficiently and grow further. Here we describe the synthesis and characterization of a new hydrogel as an effective surface which can acts as a material for bone tissue engineering. This hydrogel has been prepared by chemically grafting a semi-synthetic polymer with a synthetic monomer, namely hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Carboxy methyl tamarind (CMT) was selected as the semi-synthetic polymer. The hydrogel was prepared at different mole ratios and at the ratio of 1:10 (CMT:HEMA) yielded the best hydrogel as characterized by several physico-chemical analysis such as UV spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and swelling properties. We further demonstrate that this material is suitable for effective adhesion, growth and further clustering of bone precursor cells (RAW 264.7). This material is also compatible for growing other sensitive cells such as neuronal cells (Neuro2a) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) demonstrating that this surface does not possess any cytotoxicity and is compatible for primary human cells too. We conclude that the hydrogel made of CMT:HEMA at a ratio of 1:10 can be suitable for bone tissue engineering and thus may have clinical as well as commercial application in future.

Keywords: Cell adhesion; Hydrogels; Polysaccharide.