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Review
. 2013 Nov 25:4:343.
doi: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00343.

pH sensing via bicarbonate-regulated "soluble" adenylyl cyclase (sAC)

Nawreen Rahman  1 , Jochen Buck, Lonny R Levin
Affiliations
Review

pH sensing via bicarbonate-regulated "soluble" adenylyl cyclase (sAC)

Nawreen Rahman et al. Front Physiol. .

Abstract

Soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is a source of the second messenger cyclic adenosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cAMP). sAC is directly regulated by bicarbonate (HCO(-) 3) ions. In living cells, HCO(-) 3 ions are in nearly instantaneous equilibrium with carbon dioxide (CO2) and pH due to the ubiquitous presence of carbonic anhydrases. Numerous biological processes are regulated by CO2, HCO(-) 3, and/or pH, and in a number of these, sAC has been shown to function as a physiological CO2/HCO3/pH sensor. In this review, we detail the known pH sensing functions of sAC, and we discuss two highly-studied, pH-dependent pathways in which sAC might play a role.

Keywords: bicarbonate; carbonic anhydrase; cyclic AMP; pH; soluble adenylyl cyclase.

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