Association between vitamin D and Apo B concentrations in Argentinean Indian children

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and its association with non-traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as Apo B in South American Indian school children.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of 355 children (166 Males) aged 9.6±2.3 y was performed. Anthropometric measures, glucose, lipids, insulin, Apo B, Apo A, and vitamin D concentrations were measured.

Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 10.7% (38) per CDC. One child (0.3%) had optimal vitamin D concentrations [25(OH)D[>30 ng/ml. Univariate analysis showed significant associations between vitamin D and HDL-C (r=0.12 p<0.05), age (r=-0.11 p<0.05) BMI (r=-0.22 p<0.05), LDL-C (r=-0.22 p<0.01), triglycerides (r=-0.16 p<0.01), non HDL-C (r=-0.21 p<0.01), Apo B (r=-0.23 p<0.01), Apo B/Apo A (r=-0.21 p<0.01), insulin (r=-0.17 p<0.05), and HOMA-IR (r=-0.16 p<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that female gender and Apo B were significantly associated with vitamin D adjusted for confounding factors (R(2) 0.12).

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased Apo B among Indian children, suggesting that it could be used as a risk marker of CVD.

Keywords: Apo B; Cardiovascular disease; Indian children; Non-traditional markers; Vitamin D.