A probe evoked potentials procedure was used to assess the relative engagement of both cerebral hemispheres during a language task in the following four groups of dextral adults: left hemisphere (LH)-damaged aphasics recovering from stroke, dysarthrics, right hemisphere (RH)-damaged nonaphasic patients, and normal control subjects. In agreement with previous findings using the probe procedure, the present results indicate greater task-specific RH activation in recovering aphasics and, to a lesser degree, dysarthric patients and greater LH activation in both nonaphasic, RH-damaged patients and normal control subjects. On the basis of these data, we suggest that increasing participation of the nondominant hemisphere may subserve restitution of language in adults sustaining LH lesions.