Ultra high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis and management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia

Abstract

The development of optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has helped to usher in a new era of in vivo diagnostic imaging of the eye. The utilization of OCT for imaging of the anterior segment and ocular surface has evolved from time-domain devices to spectral-domain devices with greater penetrance and resolution, providing novel images of anterior segment pathology to assist in diagnosis and management of disease. Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is one such pathology that has proven demonstrable by certain anterior segment OCT machines, specifically the newer devices capable of performing ultra high-resolution OCT (UHR-OCT). Distinctive features of OSSN on high resolution OCT allow for diagnosis and differentiation from other ocular surface pathologies. Subtle findings on these images help to characterize the OSSN lesions beyond what is apparent with the clinical examination, providing guidance for clinical management. The purpose of this review is to examine the published literature on the utilization of UHR-OCT for the diagnosis and management of OSSN, as well as to report novel uses of this technology and potential directions for its future development.

Keywords: 5-FU; 5-Fluorouracil; AS-OCT; Anterior segment optical coherence tomography; FD-OCT; Fourier-domain OCT; Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography; HIV; HR-OCT; High-resolution optical coherence tomography; Human immunodeficiency virus; IFN; Interferon; LASIK; LSCD; Laser in situ keratomileusis; Limbal stem cell deficiency; MMC; Mitomycin C; OCT; OSSN; Ocular surface squamous neoplasia; Optical coherence tomography; SD-OCT; SL-OCT; SLE; SS-OCT; Slit lamp examination; Slit lamp optical coherence tomography; Spectral domain optical coherence tomography; Swept-source optical coherence tomography; TD-OCT; Time-domain optical coherence tomography; UBM; UHR-OCT; Ultra high-resolution optical coherence tomography; Ultrasound biomicroscopy; anterior segment OCT; high-resolution OCT; ocular surface squamous neoplasia; optical coherence tomography (OCT); slit lamp OCT; spectral domain OCT; swept-source OCT; time-domain OCT; ultra high-resolution OCT.