Withanolides from Physalis minima and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production

Steroids. 2014 Apr:82:38-43. doi: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.004. Epub 2014 Jan 27.

Abstract

Six new withanolides (1-6), including two uncommon 1,10-seco withanolides (1 and 2), together with five known withanolides (7-11), were isolated from the whole plants of Physalis minima Linn.. The structures of new compounds were elucidated through spectroscopic methods, including (1)H, (13)C NMR, 2D-NMR, HRESIMS and circular dichroism (CD). Inhibitory effects of the isolates on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccaride-activated RAW264.7 macrophages were evaluated. Compounds 2 and 5 showed strong inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 8.04 and 10.01 μM, respectively. Compounds 1, 9 and 10 exhibited moderate inhibitory activities with IC50 values from 25.54 to 43.58 μM.

Keywords: Nitric oxide; Physalis minima; Physaminimins A–F; Withanolides.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
  • Macrophages / drug effects
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Nitric Oxide / biosynthesis
  • Physalis / chemistry*
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Withanolides / chemistry
  • Withanolides / isolation & purification
  • Withanolides / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Plant Extracts
  • Withanolides
  • Nitric Oxide