Smoking crushed hyoscine/scopolamine tablets as drug abuse

Subst Use Misuse. 2014 Jun;49(7):793-7. doi: 10.3109/10826084.2014.880178. Epub 2014 Feb 4.

Abstract

Background: Hyoscine N-butyl bromide/scopolamine (H/S) is a type of anticholinergic agent that is commonly used as an antispasmodic drug. We have evaluated the effects of crushed H/S smoking in prisoners who illicitly abused this drug.

Methods: All imprisoned cases with at least a 3-month history of HS were evaluated from April 2012 to September 2012. Demographic information, history, and clinical findings were studied.

Results: In total, 36 male cases with a mean (SD, min-max) age of 33.3 (3.6, 27-42) years were included. All subjects were cigarette smokers with a history of substance abuse and were under Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT). The majority (75%) of participants smoked H/S tablet with pin, and others used aluminum foil. Hallucinations were the most common neurological features. Amnesia (88%), insomnia (83%), palpitation (86%), flushing (86%), irritability (94%), and inability to concentrate (91%) were the most common findings. Among them, auditory (61%), visual (72%), and tactile (72%) hallucinations were reported.

Conclusions: This is the first case study of hyoscine smoking abuse. We found that H/S acts similar to other hallucinogens. Concurrent abuse of H/S in cases under MMT could be a future trend of abuse. Clinicians should be aware of abuse potential of H/S in treatment of some patients for drug overdose.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amnesia / etiology
  • Cholinergic Antagonists*
  • Female
  • Flushing / etiology
  • Hallucinations / etiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Opiate Substitution Treatment
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / complications
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / therapy
  • Prisoners / statistics & numerical data*
  • Scopolamine*
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / etiology
  • Substance-Related Disorders / complications
  • Substance-Related Disorders / epidemiology*

Substances

  • Cholinergic Antagonists
  • Scopolamine