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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2014 Feb 10:348:g1285.
doi: 10.1136/bmj.g1285.

Antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese: LIMIT randomised trial

Jodie M Dodd  1 , Deborah Turnbull, Andrew J McPhee, Andrea R Deussen, Rosalie M Grivell, Lisa N Yelland, Caroline A Crowther, Gary Wittert, Julie A Owens, Jeffrey S Robinson; LIMIT Randomised Trial Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Antenatal lifestyle advice for women who are overweight or obese: LIMIT randomised trial

Jodie M Dodd et al. BMJ. .

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effect of antenatal dietary and lifestyle interventions on health outcomes in overweight and obese pregnant women.

Design: Multicentre randomised trial. We utilised a central telephone randomisation server, with computer generated schedule, balanced variable blocks, and stratification for parity, body mass index (BMI) category, and hospital.

Setting: Three public maternity hospitals across South Australia.

Participants: 2212 women with a singleton pregnancy, between 10+0 and 20+0 weeks' gestation, and BMI ≥ 25.

Interventions: 1108 women were randomised to a comprehensive dietary and lifestyle intervention delivered by research staff; 1104 were randomised to standard care and received pregnancy care according to local guidelines, which did not include such information.

Main outcome measures: Incidence of infants born large for gestational age (birth weight ≥ 90th centile for gestation and sex). Prespecified secondary outcomes included birth weight >4000 g, hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and gestational diabetes. Analyses used intention to treat principles.

Results: 2152 women and 2142 liveborn infants were included in the analyses. The risk of the infant being large for gestational age was not significantly different in the two groups (lifestyle advice 203/1075 (19%) v standard care 224/1067 (21%); adjusted relative risk 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.77 to 1.07; P=0.24). Infants born to women after lifestyle advice were significantly less likely to have birth weight above 4000 g (lifestyle advice 164/1075 (15%) v standard care 201/1067 (19%); 0.82, 0.68 to 0.99; number needed to treat (NNT) 28, 15 to 263; P=0.04). There were no differences in maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes between the two treatment groups.

Conclusions: For women who were overweight or obese, the antenatal lifestyle advice used in this study did not reduce the risk delivering a baby weighing above the 90th centile for gestational age and sex or improve maternal pregnancy and birth outcomes.

Trial registration: Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12607000161426).

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: no support from any organisation for the submitted work; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

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