The RIO kinases existed before the split between Archaea and Eubacteria and are essential in eukaryotes. Although much has been elucidated in the past few years regarding the function of these proteins in eukaryotes, questions remain about their role in prokaryotes. Comparison of structure and sequence suggests that the ancient RIO kinases may have similar functional properties in prokaryotes as they do in eukaryotes. The conservation of charge distribution, functional residues, and overall structure supports a role for these proteins in ribosome interactions, as is their purpose in eukaryotes. However, a lack of study in this area has left little direct evidence in support of this function.
Keywords: ATPases; Archaeal Protein Kinases; Bacterial Protein Kinases; Prokaryotic Protein Kinases; RIO Kinase; Ribosomal RNA Processing; Ribosome Assembly; Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase.