Ultrasonographic evaluation in symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: clinical and radiological correlation

Abstract

Aim: To explore the relationship among clinical, radiological and ultrasonographical findings in knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: Sixty-one patients (122 knees) with knee OA were enrolled. Patients' knees were classified into two groups according to symptom severity. Group I consisted of 61 more symptomatic knees and Group II comprised 61 less symptomatic knees. Subjects were clinically assessed for pain and functional status by using a visual analog scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC), respectively. Knee radiographs were evaluated by using the Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grading system. All knees were also evaluated ultrasonographically for meniscal bulging, distal femoral cartilage thickness, cartilage grading and also for the presence of effusion, Baker's cyst and so on.

Results: Baker's cyst and joint effusion were observed more in Group I when compared with Group II. Positive correlations were found between meniscal bulging and all WOMAC scores (all P < 0.05). K-L grades of the patients were also positively correlated with WOMAC scores (all P < 0.05). Meniscal bulging measurements and K-L grades were positively correlated (P < 0.001). There was a negative correlation between cartilage grades and cartilage thickness measurements (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions: We found that joint space narrowing seemed to be associated with meniscal bulging. Moreover, increased meniscal bulging and presence of Baker's cyst/joint effusion were associated with worse pain or poorer function.

Keywords: cartilage; function; knee; meniscus; osteoarthritis; pain; ultrasonography.