MAVS protein is attenuated by rotavirus nonstructural protein 1

PLoS One. 2014 Mar 18;9(3):e92126. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092126. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Rotavirus is the single, most important agent of infantile gastroenteritis in many animal species, including humans. In developing countries, rotavirus infection attributes approximately 500,000 deaths annually. Like other viruses it establishes an intimate and complex interaction with the host cell to counteract the antiviral responses elicited by the cell. Among various pattern recognition receptors (PAMPs) of the host, the cytosolic RNA helicases interact with viral RNA to activate the Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling protein (MAVS), which regulates cellular interferon response. With an aim to identify the role of different PAMPs in rotavirus infected cell, MAVS was found to degrade in a time dependent and strain independent manner. Rotavirus non-structural protein 1 (NSP1) which is a known IFN antagonist, interacted with MAVS and degraded it in a strain independent manner, resulting in a complete loss of RNA sensing machinery in the infected cell. To best of our knowledge, this is the first report on NSP1 functionality where a signaling protein is targeted unanimously in all strains. In addition NSP1 inhibited the formation of detergent resistant MAVS aggregates, thereby averting the antiviral signaling cascade. The present study highlights the multifunctional role of rotavirus NSP1 and reinforces the fact that the virus orchestrates the cellular antiviral response to its own benefit by various back up strategies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / genetics*
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Genes, Reporter
  • HEK293 Cells
  • HT29 Cells
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions*
  • Humans
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / genetics
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / metabolism
  • Interferon-beta / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interferon-beta / genetics
  • Interferon-beta / metabolism
  • Leupeptins / pharmacology
  • Luciferases / genetics
  • Luciferases / metabolism
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / drug effects
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / metabolism
  • Proteolysis
  • Rotavirus / genetics*
  • Rotavirus / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics*
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
  • IRF3 protein, human
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
  • Leupeptins
  • MAVS protein, human
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins
  • nsp1 protein, Rotavirus
  • Interferon-beta
  • Luciferases
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde