Pelvic resection is a technique that involves surgical resection of portions of the pelvic girdle. Historically, this procedure was known as internal hemipelvectomy. Hemipelvectomy is a resection that includes the ipsilateral limb. The main indication for these procedures is primary malignant tumors of the pelvis, but in rare cases they are indicated for metastatic lesions, infection, or trauma. Reconstruction is dictated by the extent of the resection and the remaining structures. Surgical technique is dictated by histology of the tumor and location of the lesion. A multidisciplinary team is required. The patient and family should undergo counseling preoperatively to discuss morbidity and mortality, the extensive rehabilitation process, and life expectancy.