The aim of our study was to establish the genetic differentiation of the population of the province of Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) for 17 Y-STRs and 8 Y-SNPs and comparison of the Polish population with other selected populations. The investigations included 201 unrelated male inhabitants of the Greater Poland region We found 184 unique haplotypes for 17 Y-STR. The haplotype discrimination capacity was 0.96. The most frequent haplotype Ht-50 was found in 3 samples and 7 haplotypes observed twice. Further, the same samples were analyzed with Y-8 SNPs markers. We obtained 40 haplotypes. The haplotype discrimination capacity was 0.20. The most frequent haplotype was presented in 38 samples. A total of 4 different haplogroups were established. Haplogroup K= 19%, IJ = 7%, R1a1 = 59% and R1b = 15%. The HD value of Y-SNPs/Y-STRs was 0.9883.