J-shapedness: an often missed, often miscalculated relation: the example of weight and mortality

J Epidemiol Community Health. 2014 Jul;68(7):683-90. doi: 10.1136/jech-2013-203439. Epub 2014 Mar 28.

Abstract

We present three considerations in analysing the association between weight and mortality, as well as other relations that might be non-linear in nature. First, authors must graphically plot their independent and dependent variables in a continuous manner. Second, authors should assess the shape of that relation, and note its shape. If it is non-linear, and specifically, J-shaped or U-shaped, careful consideration should be given to using the 'best' statistical model, of which multivariate fractional polynomial regression is a reasonable choice. Authors should also refrain from truncating their data to avoid dealing with non-linear relations.

Keywords: Birth Weight; Clinical epidemiology; Epidemiology; Obesity; Perinatal Epidemiology.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Birth Weight
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Cause of Death
  • Data Interpretation, Statistical
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Models, Statistical*
  • Obesity / mortality*
  • Stillbirth*