What do the screening trials really tell us and where do we go from here?

doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2014.01.002

Review

. 2014 May;41(2):223-8.

doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2014.01.002. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

What do the screening trials really tell us and where do we go from here?

Ruth D Etzioni¹, Ian M Thompson²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M2-B230, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. Electronic address: retzioni@fhcrc.org.
² The Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, MC-7845, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.

PMID: 24725484
PMCID: PMC4380283
DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2014.01.002

Review

What do the screening trials really tell us and where do we go from here?

Ruth D Etzioni et al. Urol Clin North Am. 2014 May.

. 2014 May;41(2):223-8.

doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2014.01.002. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

Authors

Ruth D Etzioni¹, Ian M Thompson²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M2-B230, PO Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. Electronic address: retzioni@fhcrc.org.
² The Cancer Therapy and Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, MC-7845, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.

PMID: 24725484
PMCID: PMC4380283
DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2014.01.002

Abstract

Publication of apparently conflicting results from 2 large trials of prostate cancer screening has intensified the debate about prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and has led to a recommendation against screening from the US Preventive Services Task Force. This article reviews the trials and discusses the limitations of their empirical results in informing public health policy. In particular, the authors explain why harm-benefit trade-offs based on empirical results may not accurately reflect the trade-offs expected under long-term population screening. This information should be useful to clinicians in understanding the implications of these studies regarding the value of PSA screening.

Keywords: Clinical trials; Mass screening; Prostate cancer; Prostate-specific antigen; Public health policy; Simulation modeling.

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References

1. Mariotto A, Etzioni R, Krapcho M, Feuer EJ. Reconstructing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing patterns among black and white men in the US from Medicare claims and the National Health Interview Survey. Cancer. 2007;109(9):1877–86. - PubMed
1. Moyer VA, on behalf of the USPSTF Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(2):120–34. Epub 2012/05/23. - PubMed
1. Wolf AM, Wender RC, Etzioni RB, Thompson IM, D'Amico AV, Volk RJ, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of prostate cancer: update 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60(2):70–98. Epub 2010/03/05. - PubMed
1. Association AU. Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: AUA Guideline. 2013 Available from http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/prostate-cancer-detection.cfm. - PMC - PubMed
1. Andriole GL, Crawford ED, Grubb RL, 3rd, Buys SS, Chia D, Church TR, et al. Mortality results from a randomized prostate-cancer screening trial. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(13):1310–9. - PMC - PubMed

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[1] Mariotto A, Etzioni R, Krapcho M, Feuer EJ. Reconstructing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing patterns among black and white men in the US from Medicare claims and the National Health Interview Survey. Cancer. 2007;109(9):1877–86. - PubMed

[2] Mariotto A, Etzioni R, Krapcho M, Feuer EJ. Reconstructing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing patterns among black and white men in the US from Medicare claims and the National Health Interview Survey. Cancer. 2007;109(9):1877–86. - PubMed

[3] Moyer VA, on behalf of the USPSTF Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(2):120–34. Epub 2012/05/23. - PubMed

[4] Moyer VA, on behalf of the USPSTF Screening for Prostate Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. Ann Intern Med. 2012;157(2):120–34. Epub 2012/05/23. - PubMed

[5] Wolf AM, Wender RC, Etzioni RB, Thompson IM, D'Amico AV, Volk RJ, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of prostate cancer: update 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60(2):70–98. Epub 2010/03/05. - PubMed

[6] Wolf AM, Wender RC, Etzioni RB, Thompson IM, D'Amico AV, Volk RJ, et al. American Cancer Society guideline for the early detection of prostate cancer: update 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 2010;60(2):70–98. Epub 2010/03/05. - PubMed

[7] Association AU. Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: AUA Guideline. 2013 Available from http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/prostate-cancer-detection.cfm. - PMC - PubMed

[8] Association AU. Early Detection of Prostate Cancer: AUA Guideline. 2013 Available from http://www.auanet.org/education/guidelines/prostate-cancer-detection.cfm. - PMC - PubMed

[9] Andriole GL, Crawford ED, Grubb RL, 3rd, Buys SS, Chia D, Church TR, et al. Mortality results from a randomized prostate-cancer screening trial. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(13):1310–9. - PMC - PubMed

[10] Andriole GL, Crawford ED, Grubb RL, 3rd, Buys SS, Chia D, Church TR, et al. Mortality results from a randomized prostate-cancer screening trial. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(13):1310–9. - PMC - PubMed

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What do the screening trials really tell us and where do we go from here?

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What do the screening trials really tell us and where do we go from here?

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