Protein kinase cAMP-dependent regulatory type II beta (PRKAR2B) gene variants in antipsychotic-induced weight gain

Hum Psychopharmacol. 2014 Jul;29(4):330-5. doi: 10.1002/hup.2407. Epub 2014 Apr 16.

Abstract

Objective: Antipsychotics are effective in treating schizophrenia symptoms. However, the use of clozapine and olanzapine in particular are associated with significant weight gain. Mouse and human studies suggest that the protein kinase cAMP-dependent regulatory type II beta (PRKAR2B) gene may be involved in energy metabolism, and there is evidence that it is associated with clozapine's effects on triglyceride levels. We aimed at assessing PRKAR2B's role in antipsychotic-induced weight gain in schizophrenia patients.

Methods: DNA samples from adult schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder patients of mixed ancestry were genotyped, and weight gain was assessed. We analyzed 16 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms across the PRKAR2B gene in a Caucasian subset treated either with clozapine or olanzapine (N = 99). Linear regression based on an additive model was performed with the inclusion of relevant covariates.

Results: Normalized per cent weight change was analyzed, revealing that patients with the minor allele at rs9656135 had a mean weight increase of 4.1%, whereas patients without this allele had an increase of 3.4%. This association is not significant after correcting for multiple testing.

Conclusions: Because of limited power, PRKAR2B's role in antipsychotic-induced weight gain is unclear, but biological evidence suggests that PRKAR2B may be involved. Further research in larger sample sizes is warranted.

Keywords: PRKAR2B; antipsychotic-induced weight gain; pharmacogenetics; polymorphisms; schizophrenia.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Alleles
  • Antipsychotic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Antipsychotic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Benzodiazepines / adverse effects
  • Benzodiazepines / therapeutic use
  • Clozapine / adverse effects
  • Clozapine / therapeutic use
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit / genetics*
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotyping Techniques
  • Humans
  • Linkage Disequilibrium
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Olanzapine
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
  • Psychotic Disorders / drug therapy
  • Psychotic Disorders / genetics
  • Schizophrenia / drug therapy
  • Schizophrenia / genetics
  • Weight Gain / drug effects*
  • Weight Gain / genetics*
  • White People / genetics
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antipsychotic Agents
  • Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit
  • PRKAR2B protein, human
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Clozapine
  • Olanzapine