Long-term results of Phase II study of high dose photon/proton radiotherapy in the management of spine chordomas, chondrosarcomas, and other sarcomas

J Surg Oncol. 2014 Aug;110(2):115-22. doi: 10.1002/jso.23617. Epub 2014 Apr 19.

Abstract

Background: Negative surgical margins are uncommon for spine sarcomas; hence, adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) may be recommended but tumor dose may be constrained by spinal cord, nerve, and viscera tolerance.

Methods: Prospective Phase II clinical trial incorporating high dose RT. Eligible patients had primary or locally recurrent thoracic, lumbar, and/or sacral spine/paraspinal chordomas or sarcomas. Treatment included pre- and/or post-operative photon/proton RT ± radical resection.

Results: Fifty patients (29 chordoma, 14 chondrosarcoma, 7 other) underwent gross total (n = 25) or subtotal (n = 12) resection or biopsy (n = 13). RT dose was ≤72.0 GyRBE in 25 patients and 76.6-77.4 GyRBE in 25 patients. With 7.3-year median follow-up, the 5 and 8-year actuarial local control (LC) rates were 94% and 85% for primary tumors and 81% and 74% for the entire group. Local recurrence was less common for primary tumors, 4/36 (11%) versus 7/14 (50%) for recurrent tumors, P = 0.002. The 8-year actuarial risk of grade 3-4 late RT morbidity was 13%. No myelopathies were seen. No late neurologic toxicities noted with radiation doses ≤72.0 GyRBE while three sacral neuropathies appeared after doses of 76.6-77.4 GyRBE.

Conclusions: LC with this treatment is high in patients with primary tumors. Late morbidity appears to be acceptable.

Keywords: chordoma; proton radiotherapy; sarcoma; spine.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chondrosarcoma / mortality
  • Chondrosarcoma / radiotherapy
  • Chondrosarcoma / surgery
  • Chordoma / mortality
  • Chordoma / radiotherapy*
  • Chordoma / surgery
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lumbar Vertebrae / surgery
  • Middle Aged
  • Photons / adverse effects
  • Photons / therapeutic use*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Proton Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / adverse effects
  • Radiotherapy, Conformal / methods*
  • Sacrum / surgery
  • Sarcoma / mortality
  • Sarcoma / radiotherapy*
  • Sarcoma / surgery
  • Spinal Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Spinal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Spine / surgery*
  • Survival Rate
  • Thoracic Vertebrae / surgery
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult