Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate abnormalities in the emergency department

Wan-Tsu W Chang; Bethany Radin; Michael T McCurdy

doi:10.1016/j.emc.2013.12.006

Calcium, magnesium, and phosphate abnormalities in the emergency department

Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2014 May;32(2):349-66. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2013.12.006. Epub 2014 Feb 19.

Authors

Wan-Tsu W Chang¹, Bethany Radin², Michael T McCurdy³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
² Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
³ Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 6th Floor, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 110 South Paca Street, 2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: drmccurdy@gmail.com.

PMID: 24766937
DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2013.12.006

Abstract

Derangements of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. These minerals have vital roles in the cellular physiology of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems. This article describes the pathophysiology of these mineral disorders. It aims to provide the emergency practitioner with an overview of the diagnosis and management of these disorders.

Keywords: Hypercalcemia; Hypermagnesemia; Hyperphosphatemia; Hypocalcemia; Hypomagnesemia; Hypophosphatemia.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Calcium / metabolism*
Critical Illness*
Emergency Service, Hospital*
Homeostasis / physiology
Humans
Incidence
Magnesium / metabolism*
Metabolic Diseases* / epidemiology
Metabolic Diseases* / metabolism
Metabolic Diseases* / therapy
Phosphates / metabolism*

Substances

Phosphates
Magnesium
Calcium