Septic arthritis in the era of immunosuppressive treatments

Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2014 Mar;96(2):e11-2. doi: 10.1308/003588414X13814021678196.

Abstract

Immunosuppressants have been the mainstay of treatment for certain inflammatory joint conditions for many years. Developments in this field, namely biological treatments, have led to a change in the classical presentation of acute bone, joint and soft tissue infections. The normal findings of severe pain and tenderness on examination may be absent or simply mimic a typical exacerbation of the chronic joint condition. A minimally raised white cell count and elevated C-reactive protein in the absence of systemic signs of infection may be interpreted as further evidence for the diagnosis of an exacerbation of inflammatory arthritis. We present a unique case of recurrent polyarticular septic arthritis in a patient treated with immunosuppression for refractory rheumatoid arthritis. We hope this article will enable doctors to appreciate and recognise the changing face of septic arthritis in the modern era of immunosuppressant treatments.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Arthritis, Infectious / chemically induced
  • Arthritis, Infectious / surgery*
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / drug therapy*
  • Arthroscopy / methods
  • Chronic Disease
  • Debridement / methods
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects*
  • Knee Joint*
  • Middle Aged
  • Pressure Ulcer / complications
  • Recurrence
  • Shock, Septic / chemically induced
  • Shoulder Joint*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / chemically induced
  • Staphylococcal Infections / surgery*
  • Staphylococcus aureus

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents