Background: Integrins are extracellular matrix receptors involved in several pathologies. Despite homologies between the RGD-binding α5β1 and αvβ3 integrins, selective small antagonists for each heterodimer have been proposed. Herein, we evaluated the effects of such small antagonists in a cellular context, the U87MG cell line, which express both integrins. The aim of the study was to determine if fibronectin-binding integrin antagonists are able to impact on cell adhesion and migration in relationships with their defined affinity and selectivity for α5β1 and αvβ3/β5 purified integrins.
Methods: Small antagonists were either selective for α5β1 integrin, for αvβ3/β5 integrin or non-selective. U87MG cell adhesion was evaluated on fibronectin or vitronectin. Migration assays included wound healing recovery and single cell tracking experiments. U87MG cells stably manipulated for the expression of α5 integrin subunit were used to explore the impact of α5β1 integrin in the biological assays.
Results: U87MG cell adhesion on fibronectin or vitronectin was respectively dependent on α5β1 or αvβ3/β5 integrin. Wound healing migration was dependent on both integrins. However U87MG single cell migration was highly dependent on α5β1 integrin and was inhibited selectively by α5β1 integrin antagonists but increased by αvβ3/β5 integrin antagonists.
Conclusions: We provide a rationale for testing new integrin ligands in a cell-based assay to characterize more directly their potential inhibitory effects on integrin cellular functions.
General significance: Our data highlight a single cell tracking assay as a powerful cell-based test which may help to characterize true functional integrin antagonists that block α5β1 integrin-dependent cell migration.
Keywords: Cell adhesion; Cell migration; Small antagonist; α5β1 integrin; αvβ3/β5 integrin.
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