Surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia has been performed in 484 cases during a period of 10 years from January 1978 to December 1987; these 484 cases comprised 345 to transurethral resection, 130 of subcapsular extirpation and 9 of cryosurgery. Their period of prognosis was examined; 10-year survival rate was 88.9, 95.7, 60.4, 55.8 and 42.8% for 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70-74 and 75-79 years, respectively, 8-year and 7-year survival rates being 31.7 and 66.7% for 80-84 85-89 years, respectively. Survival rate by age bracket was compared in terms terms of electrocardiogram (ECG), pulmonary function and possible anomalies and operative blood transfusion. The group of patients with abnormal ECG and pulmonary function showed a significant decreasing survival rate with aging. The aged patients showed no difference in survival rate according to possible blood transfusion. Examination of the cause of death revealed predominant involvement of cardiopathy and cerebrovascular disorder, with comparatively less due to cancers. In terms of postoperative conditions of life of these patients and a long period prognosis of their urination, more 75% of them are living in good condition and 70% are in a state of satisfactory urination.