Neurologic complications of sepsis

Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2014 Jun;20(3 Neurology of Systemic Disease):598-613. doi: 10.1212/01.CON.0000450968.53581.ff.

Abstract

Purpose of review: This article reviews the current understanding of sepsis, a critical and often fatal illness that results from infection and multiorgan failure and impacts the brain, peripheral nervous system, and muscle.

Recent findings: Encephalopathy occurs early in association with sepsis, and its severity correlates with mortality. Neuroimaging in patients with CNS manifestations is typically normal. EEG is nonspecific. EMG is commonly diagnostic, showing a combination of nerve and muscle injury already early in the clinical course. Rapid recognition and correction of reversible causes of encephalopathy and avoidance of risk factors for intensive care unit-acquired weakness may limit sequelae. Major deficiencies in our understanding of the complications of sepsis remain. Studies to improve the recognition and rehabilitation of these patients are imperative in a clinical syndrome affecting countless patients each year.

Summary: The risk of later cognitive and physical disability may be increased after sepsis; therefore, attention to neurologic complications is urgent.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Nervous System Diseases / etiology*
  • Sepsis / complications*