Biosynthesis of steroidal alkaloids in Solanaceae plants: incorporation of 3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-al into tomatine with tomato seedlings

Abstract

The C-26 amino group of tomatine, a representative Solanaceae steroidal alkaloid, is introduced in an early step of its biosynthesis from cholesterol. We recently proposed a transamination mechanism for the C-26 amination as opposed to the previously proposed mechanism involving a nitrogen nucleophilic displacement. In the present study, a deuterium labeled C-26 aldehyde, (24,24,27,27,27-(2)H5)-3β-hydroxycholest-5-en-26-al, was synthesized and fed to a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedling. LC-MS analysis of the biosynthesized tomatine indicated that the labeled aldehyde was incorporated into tomatine. The finding strongly supports the intermediacy of the aldehyde and the transamination mechanism during C-26 amination.

Keywords: Biosynthesis; Solanum lycopersicum; Steroidal alkaloid; Tomatine; Transamination.