Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2014 May;6(5):191-8.
doi: 10.4103/1947-2714.132916.

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Evidence-based Management of Cholesterol

Satyajeet Roy  1
Affiliations
Review

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Evidence-based Management of Cholesterol

Satyajeet Roy. N Am J Med Sci. 2014 May.

Abstract

An elevated level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is directly associated with development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which may present as coronary heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. The new cholesterol management guidelines from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association aim to address a comprehensive approach to prevent and reduce the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The new guidelines recommend initiation of heart healthy lifestyle modifications and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A reductase inhibitor ("statin") therapy in individuals who are at a high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is estimated that these guidelines could result in "statin" therapy for one in every three adults in the United States. This article presents a review of the current cholesterol management guidelines, recommendations from relevant randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses obtained from the searches in Medline/PubMed and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and publications from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service, and the United States Preventive Services Task Force.

Keywords: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; cholesterol management; statin.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow Diagram of Cholesterol Management. (ASCVD = Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease; LDL-C = Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; DM = Diabetes Mellitus; MIST = Moderateintensity statin therapy; HIST = High-intensity statin therapy; M-HIST = Moderate to high-intensity statin therapy.) * See Table 4.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Suggested Steps to Manage Cholesterol. (ASCVD = Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, LDL-C = Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, DM = Diabetes mellitus, HIST = High-intensity statin therapy, MIST = Moderate-intensity statin therapy, HD = Hemodialysis, NYHA = New York Heart Association.) Information from reference 3.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Atlanta, GA: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; 2012. [Accessed March 20, 2014]. Prevalence of cholesterol screening and high blood cholesterol among adults - United States, 2005, 2007, and 2009. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6135a2.htm . - PubMed
    1. Baltimore, MD: Chartbook; 2012. [Accessed March 20, 2014]. Chronic Conditions among Medicare Beneficiaries. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. at http://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trend... .
    1. Stone NJ, Robinson J, Lichtenstein AH, Bairey Merz CN, Lloyd-Jones DM, Blum CB, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology - American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 [In Press] - PubMed
    1. Atlanta, GA: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; 2011. [Accessed March 20, 2014]. Vital signs: Prevalence, treatment, and control of high levels of low-density lipoprotein Cholesterol, United States, 1999 - 2002 and 2005 - 2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. at http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6004a5.htm . - PubMed
    1. Rockville, MD: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement; 2008. [Accessed March 20, 2014]. Screening for Lipid Disorders in Adults. United States Preventive Services Task Force. at http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf08/lipid/lipidrs.htm .