The impact of obesity on adult tracheostomy complication rate

Laryngoscope. 2015 Jan;125(1):105-10. doi: 10.1002/lary.24793. Epub 2014 Jun 17.

Abstract

Objectives/hypothesis: Prospectively compare tracheostomy-related complications in obese patients with complications in nonobese patients.

Study design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Adult patients undergoing tracheostomy were studied. Patients who had a prior tracheostomy were excluded. Complications were classified as intraoperative, early (within the first 2 weeks), or late.

Results: A total of 151 patients met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Fifty-five percent of obese patients experienced at least one tracheostomy-related complication; 19.5% of the control group had a complication. Mean procedure duration for patients with body mass index < 30 was 24.74 minutes and for obese patients was 46.17 minutes. There was a statistically significant effect of body mass index on complication rate (P < .0001) and on procedure duration (P < .0001). The relationships between body mass index and intraoperative complications (P = .027) and early postoperative complications (P = .001) were significant.

Conclusions: The tracheostomy-related complication rate is significantly higher for obese patients, especially for body mass index ≥ 35, especially in the intraoperative and early postoperative time periods. Procedure duration is significantly longer in obese patients.

Keywords: Tracheostomy; complications; obesity.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anthropometry
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Florida
  • Humans
  • Intraoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Intraoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / complications*
  • Obesity / epidemiology
  • Operative Time
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk
  • Tracheostomy / adverse effects*
  • Young Adult