Comparison of nephron-protective effects of enalapril and GLP analogues (exenatide) in diabetic nephropathy

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2014 Jun;122(6):327-33. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1372584. Epub 2014 Jun 18.

Abstract

Background: One of the major concerns is a nephropathy in diabetes, which applies many different kinds of medicines. However, required level of the treatment of renal disease has not been achieved.

Aim: To investigate and compare the effect of the enalapril and the exenatide on diabetic nephropathy in rats developed diabetes by streptozosin.

Material and methods: 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: (1) Control, (2) Diabetic (DM), (3) DM+ Enalapril, and (4) DM+ exenatide groups. Then, the animals were euthanized and their blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for blood glucose; blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinin, and nephrectomy were performed for histopathologic examination, and urine samples were taken on stick for proteinuria.

Results: Administration of the enalapril or the exenatide in diabetic rats resulted in a significant reduction both fibronectin, induced nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS) expression in glomerular area and urine protein levels. It was shown that both of enalapril and exenatide protected the renal glomerulus more than diabetic group in the nephropathy histopathologically.

Conclusion: The beneficial effects of enalapril and exenatide which reduces fibronectin, i-NOS expression and urine protein levels or increases recovery of glomerules, might be used for preventing the harmful effects of diabetic nephropathy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / pathology
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / drug therapy*
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / metabolism
  • Diabetic Nephropathies / pathology
  • Enalapril / pharmacology*
  • Exenatide
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Nephrons / metabolism*
  • Nephrons / pathology
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / biosynthesis
  • Peptides / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Venoms / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Peptides
  • Venoms
  • Enalapril
  • Exenatide
  • Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
  • Nos2 protein, rat